Steadying device for vertical arc-lamps.



R. B. CHILLAS, JR.

STEADYING DEVICE FOR VERT ICAL ARCL AMPS, APPLICATION FILED JAN-22. I9I2- Patented May 30,1916.

IN VENTOR 5. CHILLHSIJR.

ATTORNEY 1* JR, UF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T NATIONAL CARBON 60., 0F CLEVE, 00, A CORIPQTION 01 NE JERSEY.

i eas at.

Specification of matters Patent.

Patented May ac. rare.

Application filed January ea, ma. serial No. crater.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit lmown that 1, R10 B. @nnrmas, Jr., a resident of Cleveland, in the colmtyot Cuyahoga, in the State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements 111 Steadying Devices for Vertical Arc-Lamps, of which the following is a clear and exact description. 0

My invention is an improvement In steadying-devices for vertical arc lamps, and is intended to be used with flaming are lamps of the vertical type in which there is only one conductor connected to the lower carbon holder.

The object of my invention is to arrange the. lamp conductors so that the arc w1ll not have a tendency to remain at one slde.

' Another object is to construct a lamp that will burn the electrodes so that they will Bil always have substantially square or unitormly rounded ends.

Another object is to cause the electrodes 'to be consumed in such away that the slag deposited thereon will have a less tendency to ut the lamp out. 0

t other object of my invention 1s to construct a lamp thatwill burn evenly and steadily, and that will have fewer-outages than the usual type of vertical flammg carbons now in use,

Another object is to neutralize the magnetic forces in the vicinity of the arc.

Further objects will appear in the ap pended description particular reference being had to the drawings in which Figure 1 is one type of invention for accomplishing the desired results. Fig. 2 is a slightly different modification. Fig. 3 is still another modification. Fig. 4 shows the electrode points frequently obtained when used in prior lamps. Fig. o'shows the electrode points commonly obtained from trims of prior lamps with deposits of slag material preventin them from touching. Fig. 6 shows the e ectrode points resulting from the use of my improvement on the lamps. Fig. 7 represents the electrodes burned in my improved lamps having deposits of slag material which do not prevent the carbons from touching. V

The upper electrode 1 and the lower electrode 2 are connected together by a flexible connection 3' passing over the pulley 4. The connection 3 'is fastened to, but insulated from, a conducting support which is directly fastened to the" lower electrode 2. The connection is fastened to the upper electrode 1 by means of the insulating member 6. The lever-arm 7 is connected to the wheel 4 through the clutch 8 and is connected at its other end to the core 9 of the solenoid 10 in the lamp circuit.

One of the lamp terminals 11 is connected to the upper electrode 1, while the other termmal 12 is connected to the solenoid 10. The support 5 is connected by means of a flexible conductor 14; to a semi-circular ring 18. At the extremities of this member two opposltely placed conductors 19 and 20 lead downward past the arc and are joined below the are at a point 21. By means of a conductor 22 the point 21 is connected to the remaining terminal of the solenoid 10. The current enters at connection 11, flows through the upper electrode 1, through the arc, lower electrode 2, support 5, and connection 14 to the semi-circular ring or connection 18, the current dividing and going to opposite sides of the upper conductor, and then going downward through the connection 19, 20 to the point 21. Here the currents unite again, The support 5 and conductor 22 should be on opposite sides of the arc, and at an equal distance therefrom. The conductors 19 and 20, should also be on opposite sides of the arc, and at equal distances therefrom. The

diagrammatic representation is intended to represent the plane of the conductors 19 and 20 as being at substantially right angles to the plane of the conductors 5 and 22. However, this is not essential. Since the conductors in each of these planes balance eachother independently of the conductors in the other plane, it is not necessary for the two planes to be placed at any particular angle. It might be troublesome to place the conductors 19 and 20 equidistant from the arc and so I have shown resistances 23, 24 so that the currents in these two conductors can be properly adjusted to compensatefor the unequal spacing. It will be understood that a very slight change or adjustment of the resistance will be suficient and the adjustment can be properly made by lengthenin-g or shortening the wires 19 and 20 without using any other resistance. 1 have, however, shown adjustable resistances in order to make clear to the eye that the current can be balanced by adjustment-of flowing out through terminal 12.

the resistances in circuit. In this modification it is clear that the current in support will balance the current in conductor 22, While the current 1n conductor 19 will bal- 5 ance the current in conductor 20, and this balance will be maintained even if the .arc

moves up or down through a distance of 7 two or three inches, so that the arc will be free to position itself throughout the life of the carbons. a

' Since there is no tendency to keep the arc to one side of the lamps'the electrodes burn with blunt ends" with slightly rounded outside portions as is shown in Fig. 6. When they burn with-square ends as shown in this figure the breaks are very much more infreuent than with those shown in Fig. 4. ince the outside portions of the electrodes are rounded oil? as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 29 the condensed slag will less frequently cut out the lamps as is clearly shown in Fig. 7. Referring tofl Fig. 2 the current enters the connection 11 and flows to an upper ring 25, where it divides, substantially half of the current going down through the conductor 26 and one-fourth flowing through each half of the ring 25,in opposite directions around the upper electrode. The current going.

down through the conductor 26 divides, sub-.

3 stantially half flowing in opposite directions around the lower electrode through the halves of the ring 27 to the point 28. Here the current going down through the conductor 29 unites at the oint 28 with the-cur- 5 rent flowing through t e ring 27 and flows on out through the conductor 30 to the connection 12. r

The conductors 5, 26,29, and'30 are shown as being in the same plane in Fig- 2, how- 40 ever, it is not essential that they be thus placed. It is desirable, however, that the con-.

ductors 26 and 29 be in the same plane with the arc and spaced equal distances therefromyand that the conductors 5 and 30 be 5 in the same plane with the are, and at equal distances therefrom. It will be understood that the length of the conductors 26 and 29 in this case may be adjusted to adjust the resistance in the two circuits as in Fig. 1. This adjustment would admit the balancing being maintained even if the two conductors were unequally spaced from the are, as more current could be caused to flow through the conductor farthest from the are. In this modification the current in support 5 balances the current in conductor 30, while the current in conductor 26 balances the current in conductor 29. This modification thus secures the beneficial results described in rel0 gard to Fig. 1. u

In Fig. 3 the current flows as in the previous figures to the point 31. Here the current divides into substantially equal parts, approximately half flowing down through as conductor26 to the ring 27. Here the curpoint 33. Here it is joined by the other art v of the current leaving the point 31, w ich flowed in substantially equal parts in opposite directions around the electrode 1 through the upper ring 25. The resistance 34 diagrammatically represents that the resistance of the connections between the points 31 and 33 is made adjustable toobtain the roper balancing as .will be explained later. n this modification the whole current passing upward through the support 5 is partially so balanced by the half of the current flowing down through the conductor 26. The net result will be that there will be a tendency to blow the arc toward the right in the figure by substantially half of the current. Since substantiall half of the current flows upward through t e conductor 32, there will be a tendency to blow the arc toward the left by this half of the current. The currents on opposite sides of the lamp therefore balance and the arc is free to burn on all parts of the carbon as in the other cases. In this modification the support 5, conductor 26, the electric arc and the conductor 32 should be in substantially the same plane, the conductor 26 and supports 5 on the one hand and conductor 32 on the other are on opposite sides of the arc and substantially equidistant therefrom. It is however, impossible to space the conductor 26 and the support 5 at exactly equal distances from the electric are, it will be necessary to adjust the resistance 34 so that more than half of the current will flow down through the conductor 26 in order to produce exact balance. It will be understood that these adjustments may be obtained by merely varying the length and size of the connection between the points 31 and 33.

In Figs. 2 and 3 it is not necessaryto use the rings 25 and 27, a single conductor,

passing around one side of the electrode only, could-be substituted for each ring. The lamp would balance in the same way if this were done.

In all three modifications disclosed, itis not essential that the are be maintained stationary in order to obtain proper balancing. From an inspection of the circuits in the figures it will be apparent that the arc can travel up or down without destroying the balance.

A further result of my invention is that there is less obstruction to the light radiating outward in a horizontal plane. There are also .no moving contacts and flexible leads exposed to the direct heat of the arc to be damaged thereby.

For the purpose of description of the operation of the lamps, it has been assumed 130 In an electric arc lamp, the combination of upper and lower electrodes, three conductors extending parallel to the electrodes and spaced therefrom, the lower end of one only being connected to the lower electrode, means for connecting together the lower ends of the other two of said conductors and means for connecting together.

the upper ends of said conductors;

described my invention what ll 3. In an electric arc lamp, the combination of upper and lower electrodes, a pair of conductors spaced from and extending parallel to said electrodes, the lower end of one only being connected to the lower electrode, a second pair of conductors. also extending parallel to the electrodes and spaced therefrom, means for connecting the upper ends of said second pair together and to the upper end of one of said first pair of conductors, and means for connecting together the lower ends of said second pair of conductors.

4. In electric lamps, upper and lower electrodes, a, conducting ring around the electrodes above the arc, a second conducting ring around the electrodes below the are, means for connecting together the said rings on opposite sides of the arc, and a conductor for connecting the upper ring to the lower electrode.

In testimony signed my name.

I RICHARD Witnesses:

MARY F. LADD, F. D. LAURENCE.

whereof I have hereunto B. CHILLAS,J1. 

